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Caractérisation des fonds marins et estimation bathymétrique par inversion de modèle de transfert radiatif : Application à l'imagerie hyperspectrale en milieu corallien ArchiMer
Petit, Tristan.
Airborne hyperspectral imaging is a potential candidate for mapping and monitoring coral reefs at large scale and with high spatial resolution. In this thesis, we first present the processing steps to be applied to hyperspectral signals for extracting information about seabed types, bathymetry and water optical properties, and we discuss their efficiency with respect to two main confounding factors: (i) low signal to noise ratio of the measured signals, and (ii) large number and variability of physical interactions occurring between the entrance of sunlight into the atmosphere and its measurement by the hyperspectral sensor. Considering these limitations, we examine the performance of an already existing water column processing method: semi-analytical...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Récifs coralliens; Bathymétrie; Cartographie des habitats benthiques; Hyperspectral; Modèle de transfert radiatif; Inversion par optimisation; Analyse de sensibilité; Coral reefs; Bathymetry; Seabed type mapping; Hyperspectral; Radiative transfer model; Inversion by optimization; Sensitivity analysis.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00400/51135/51905.pdf
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Développement et ajustement d'un modèle de dynamique des populations structuré en longueur et spatialisé appliqué au stock Nord de merlu (Merluccius merluccius) ArchiMer
Drouineau, Hilaire.
The biology of European hake has been largely studied, however some specific processes of its biology, especially growth and migration, are still poorly known. Those uncertainties have consequences on the quality of the stock assessments and on the stock management by limiting the possibility to assess the effect of spatial management measures. Therefore, we develop an integrated length-structured and spatialised model of population dynamics aiming at improving the estimation of unknown parameters of the population dynamic. The model relies on a state model describing the dynamics of the population and the fishing activity, and on an observation model describing the observation processes and providing a likelihood function. A review of the literature...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Parameters estimation; Migration; Growth; Sensitivity analysis; Likelihood; Spatialised model; Stock assessment; Length structured model; Hake; Estimation de paramètres; Migration; Croissance; Analyse de sensibilité; Maximum de vraisemblance; Modèle spatialisé; Évaluation des stocks; Modèle structuré en longueur; Merlu.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/these-3710.pdf
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Empirical modelling of the growth of Ruditapes philippinarum by means of non linear regression on factorial coordinates ArchiMer
Goulletquer, Philippe; Bacher, Cedric.
In order to highlight the main factors accounting for the growth of clams in Marennes Oleron Bay, three locations were investigated in 1984-1985. First, factor analysis provided information on fluctuations of the environment. Second, principal components analysis was used to study ecological phenomena. The main axes explained the growth rate, which was included in an allometric model. Its properties were then studied by means of sensitivity analysis.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Sensitivity analysis; Non linear model; Principal components analysis; Ruditapes philippinarum; Trophic relationships; Analyse de sensibilité; Modèle non linéaire; Analyse en composantes principales; Ruditapes philippinarum; Relations trophiques.
Ano: 1988 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1988/publication-2879.pdf
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Êvaluation des variables d’entrée les plus influentes sur des grandeurs d’intérêt dans une simulation d’incendie ArchiMer
Allard, Alexandre; Fischer, Nicolas; Didieux, Franck; Guillaume, Eric; Iooss, Bertrand.
This paper is concerned with a fire simulation model which aims at evaluating the effects from a fire source in a building on people evacuation. Three parameters are investigated to assess the safety of the building : the maximal upper layer temperature, the maximal lower layer temperature and the minimal layer height. The combination of these three parameters is supposed to let the evacuation paths practicable in case of a fire. The parameters are computed through a computational code in a measurement context. Consequently their knowledge is supposed to be based on a measurement uncertainty evaluation and this paper aims at evaluating the contribution of a set of input parameters to the variance of these three parameters. In measurement science, the use...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Incertitude de mesure; Ingénierie du feu; Analyse de sensibilité; Indices de sobol’; Polynômes locaux AMS 2000 subject classifications: 60K35; Measurement uncertainty; Fire engineering; Sensitivity analysis; Sobol’ indices; Local polynomial smoother.
Ano: 2011 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00693/80496/83684.pdf
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Impact des mesures de gestion sur la dynamique de la pêcherie pélagique du golfe de Gascogne : Quelles certitudes ? Quels descripteurs ? ArchiMer
Lehuta, Sigrid.
Quantitative evaluations of management measure impact on resource and fleet viability are required to provide diagnostics and feed decision process. Fisheries are complex systems where numerous dynamics interact at various spatial and temporal scales. This complexity and the difficulty to observe marine systems are responsible for the high uncertainty surrounding fishery functioning that makes it hard to identify adequate management measures. The increasing consideration of uncertainties in diagnostics argues in favor of robust management measures rather than optimal management measures. Identifying robust management measures requires the development of models that account for complexity and uncertainty in the description and prediction of management...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Modélisation; Pêcherie mixte; Gestion des pêcheries; Incertitudes; Simulation; Analyse de sensibilité; Indicateurs; Gestion spatialisée; ISIS-Fish; Modeling; Mixed fisheries; Fishery management; Uncertainty; Simulation; Sensitivity analysis; Indicators; Spatialised management; ISIS-Fish.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00025/13630/10712.pdf
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Modélisation de la croissance de Ruditapes philippinarum dans un système expérimental ArchiMer
Bensch, Alexis; Bacher, Cedric; Baud, Jean-pierre; Martin, Jean-louis.
The growth of Ruditapes philippinarum was modeled with an energetic budget equation. Clams were fed with Skeletonema costatum in experimental units during 6 months. The filtration and respiration terms of the budget were depending on the temperature and the dry weight. The spawning effort was represented by an allometric relation derived from the experimental data. The model simulated the individual growth of the dry weight and of the shell converted into energy during the 6 months of the experiment. The results fitted well with the observations until the loss of energy due to the spawning. After that period the model overestimated the growth which was explained by another spawning loss not taken into account in the model and not noticeable with the...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Intensive rearing; Spawning; Sensitivity analysis; Ruditapes philippinarum; Energetic modeling; Elevage intensif; Ponte; Analyse de sensibilité; Ruditapes philippinarum; Modéle énergétique.
Ano: 1992 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-3062.pdf
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Modélisation du cycle biogéochimique des éléments limitant la production biologique en Manche (N, P, Si) ArchiMer
Hoch, Thierry.
Ce travail présente un modèle du cycle de la matière organique en Manche, à travers les cycles de l'azote, du phosphore et du silicium. Ces éléments ont été choisis car ils limitent principalement la production primaire en Manche. Dans un premier temps, un sous-modèle physique en boîtes a été' retenu. Grâce au logiciel "ELISE", la Manche a été découpée en 71 boîtes, entre lesquelles les flux d'eau sont automatiquement calculés. A ce modèle de transport horizontal a été couplé un modèle thermo-halin vertical bicouche. Ce dernier simule la température et la salinité dans une couche de surface et une couche de fond, séparées par une pycnocline d'épaisseur nulle. Il permet également le calcul des vitesses d'échange entre les deux couches. Un couplage a été...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Modèles en boites; Modèles écologiques; Manche; Analyse de sensibilité.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00101/21225/18842.pdf
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